Fornecimento ótimo de serviços ancilares por parte de geradores distribuídos em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica
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Data
2025-10-20
Autores
Nascimento, Daniel Fonseca do
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The increasing penetration of DG units, particularly photovoltaic systems, has transformed the operation and planning of distribution networks, opening opportunities for these resources to provide complementary functions such as reactive power support, voltage regulation, and active power reserve for frequency control. This dissertation thesis investigates the provision of ancillary services (AS) through distributed generation (DG) in electric power distribution systems, emphasizing the technical, economic, and regulatory aspects that determine the feasibility of this application. To assess this potential, a market-based dispatch methodology was developed and implemented in the optimization environment AMPL, considering operational constraints and compliance with voltage quality standards established in Module 8 of the Brazilian Distribution Procedures. The methodology was applied to the IEEE 37-bus test feeder in a 24-hour simulation, optimizing the active and reactive dispatch of DG units. The technical results highlight improvements in voltage profiles, mitigation of violations beyond the Permitted Deviation Range and Critical Deviation Range, and reduction of power losses. From an economic perspective, the model demonstrates significant benefits for distribution utilities, including a 41% reduction in system operating costs and a 93.5% decrease in regulatory penalty expenses related to non-compliance with service quality limits. Additionally, the study incorporates a competitive market remuneration structure, analyzing how such a mechanism can incentivize DG participation based on actual operational costs. The findings suggest that DG-based AS provision is both technically feasible and economically advantageous, enhancing system robustness, encouraging efficiency, and improving regulatory performance indicators of continuity and power quality. These results reinforce the relevance of integrating DG into ancillary service frameworks as a strategic approach to modernize distribution systems, align with regulatory requirements, and promote a more resilient and sustainable electricity sector
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Serviços ancilares , Geração distribuída , Qualidade de energia elétrica , Ancillary services , Distributed generation , Power quality compliance