Desempenho vegetativo e produtivo da bananeira cv. 'BRS Platina' em função de doses de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio
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Data
2025-08-07
Autores
Vidal Júnior, Antonio Carlos de Souza
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Espírito Santo is among the eight largest national banana producers, however, in some producing regions of the State, low productivity is observed. The delay in updating fertilizer recommendations for banana crops may be one of the factors affecting these results. The Espírito Santo State's fertilizer and liming recommendations manual makes no distinction between the different banana subgroups, even though they exhibit distinct field behaviors in terms of height, productivity, production cycles, and other factors. The objective of this research was to evaluate, in field work, the vegetative and productive development of the banana crop cv. ‘BRS Platina’ in response to different doses of N, P2O5 e K2O. The study was implemented in the experimental area of Ifes – Alegre Campus, during the months of June 2023 to May 2024 using chifrinho type seedlings of the banana tree cv. ‘BRS Platina’. A fractional factorial design was adopted, with 17 treatments, 3 replicates and 5 plants per plot. Six nitrogen rates (0, 30, 180, 300, 420 e 570 kg ha-1 of N), six phosphorus rates (0, 10, 60, 100, 140 e 190 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and six potassium rates (0, 35, 210, 350, 490 e 665 kg ha-1 of K2O) were used. Soil chemical parameters, nutritional status, and vegetative and productive development of banana plants were evaluated. Soil pH was not affected by the different fertilizer levels. The use of high doses of K2O reduced the availability in the soil and the absorption of calcium and magnesium by plants. The results obtained of greater bunch mass (14,31 kg) and greater productivity (14,42 t ha-1) were achieved, respectively, with the use of 291,5 kg ha-1 of N, 75,5 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 425,6 kg ha-1 of K2O; and 299,7 kg ha-1 of N, 80,0 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 425,6 kg ha-1 of K2O. Potassium stood out as an essential nutrient for achieving higher productivity, reinforcing its importance for managing banana crops. Furthermore, the positive correlation between pseudostem diameter (DP), MC and PD proves to be a useful tool for predicting the productive potential of plants, associating vegetative characteristics with the productive performance of the ‘BRS Platina’ banana plant. Considering that the banana tree tends to express its greatest productive potential throughout the cycles, it is recommended that the evaluations continue for subsequent cycles, with the objective of better characterizing the performance of the ‘BRS Platina’ cultivar, as well as providing a database to assist in the preparation of new fertilization recommendation tables for the State of Espírito Santo.
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Musa spp. , Adubação , Produtividade , Fertilidade do solo