Prospecção, caracterização de novos bacteriófagos e desenvolvimento de formulação 3 para o controle de Ralstonia solanacearum em tomateiro
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Data
2025-03-25
Autores
Dian, Vanessa Sessa
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Bacterial wilt, caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex (RSSC), leads to significant yield losses in economically important crops. Currently, no effective control measures are available against these phytobacteria, highlighting the need to develop ecological and efficient strategies to protect agricultural crops. The use of bacteriophages (phages) as biocontrol agents is a safe, sustainable, and promising strategy. This research aimed to discuss recent advances in the application of phages in the protection of agricultural crops, as well as to isolate and characterize new phages capable of infecting RSSC. In addition, this study evaluated the synergy and stability of these phages at different pH levels, propose cocktail formulations for the biocontrol of bacterial wilt in tomato plants, and investigate the pathogen's responses to the phages. For this, the phages were characterized through biological and molecular analyses, and two of them were selected based on lytic activity, ability to survive in a wide pH range, and virulence against the bacteriophage insensitive mutants (BIMs). Cocktails were formulated to suppress bacterial wilt in tomato plants, and their yields and viability during storage were analyzed. A total of eight new phages were isolated and biologically characterized. Seven of these phages had their genomes sequenced and annotated. Their comparative genome analysis showed that these seven new phages are biologically contrasting isolates of the same species, with a new genus, named 'Kapixawavirus' being suggested. These phages are more virulent against the R. solanacearum strains isolated in Brazil. Two of these viral isolates, Kapixawa and Elisiario, survived at pH 4 to 11 for 10 days and reduced the frequency of BIMs. The viral cocktail, consisting of a mixture of phages Kapixawa and Elisiario and an avirulent isolate of R. solanacearum, protected 40% of tomato plants against bacterial wilt. The newly described group of phages can be used in low-cost approaches to produce cocktails and opens new avenues for the ecological management of bacterial wilt
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Controle biológico , Sustentabilidade , Proteção de plantas , Fagoterapia , Vírus , Tomate , Biological control , Sustainability , Crop protection , Phage therapy , Tomato