Efeitos da intervenção Hatha-Yoga em cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com câncer
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Data
2019-11-19
Autores
Bernardi, Marina Lima Daleprane
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: Yoga is a millenary Indian tradition that creates conditions for practitioners’ self-knowledge, making them become more autonomous in the search for wellbeing. In the western world, this proposal has been prospering as a practice in different health conditions, under the expanded perspective, which consolidates the Brazilian National Health System. Its utilization in caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer has not been investigated by science yet and, therefore, needs to be explored. Objectives: To assess psychological effects of the practice of Hatha Yoga in caregivers of children and adolescents with cancer admitted to a public hospital in the city of Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. To analyze these caregivers’ perception of their experience, to understand the role of this intervention as a coping mechanism, and to approach, theoretically, its repercussion as a health practice. Method: In the quantitative analysis, a randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out. Thirty-six volunteers were allocated to clinical (participated in 4 to 6 Hatha Yoga practices, each lasting 35 minutes) or control groups (did not perform the yoga activity) and answered the instruments: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Subjective Well-being Scale and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, before and after the period corresponding to the intervention. The nonparametric analysis of these instruments was performed by the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests to compare the groups to each other and at different moments. In the qualitative analysis, 15 volunteers participated in semi-structured interviews, recorded in audio, transcribed after the intervention period and interpreted by content analysis. Results: The individuals' moderate anxiety state decreased in the clinical (p = 0.001) and control (p = 0.014) groups, so that while the control group continued to present moderate anxiety, the clinical group presented low anxiety after the intervention. Positive affects increased and negative affects decreased in the clinical group (p <0.05). There were no relevant changes in life satisfaction and attention levels in the two groups (p> 0.05). The analysis of the qualitative proposal identified positive sensations and improvements in the participants’ psychophysical condition. It was found that the intervention enabled the caregivers to acquire self-knowledge, integrate philosophical and practical aspects into their life context, and recognize their relevance to the hospital oncology service. Furthermore, the benefits extended to the individuals they assisted. Conclusion: Hatha Yoga is a good reference of comprehensive healthcare, useful to health professionals and recommendable to caregivers in a short period of hospital assistance, to reduce anxiety and improve subjective well-being. Its appropriation as a health proposal should be developed under the pillar of comprehensive care, in relationships based on tolerance and respect for its tradition
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Cuidadores , Câncer , Criança , Adolescente , Enfrentamento , Ioga , Ansiedade , Atenção plena , Caregivers , Cancer , Child , Mindfulness , Anxiety , Yoga , Psychological , Adolescent