Uma proposta para medição in-line da distribuição do tamanho de gotas em escoamentos de emulsões e seu desempenho
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Data
2024-12-03
Autores
Pimentel, Cláudio Benincá
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Oil production is generally associated with the co-production of water, and its proportion increases as wells mature. Flow disturbances such as bends, valves, and equipment, which are crucial for controlling production in a safe and sustainable manner, increase shear stresses during flow, leading to the formation of stable emulsions due to the breakage of water droplets dispersed in the oil. Stable emulsions are unfavorable for the oil and gas industry as they hinder the phase separation process (oil/gas/water), resulting in higher consumption of chemical inputs and increased maintenance costs. The efficiency of the separation process is associated with the Droplet Size Distribution (DSD). However, most DSD measurement instruments currently operate through sampling, which exposes the emulsion to the risk of altered characteristics during sample handling. In this study, a device is proposed for measuring DSD using in-line optical microscopy, obtaining DSD through a computer vision-based algorithm from micrographs of droplets dispersed in the emulsion. Experimental procedures for commissioning and performance evaluation of the device, comparing it with conventional DSD measurement techniques, are carried out in a laboratory-scale emulsion experimental circuit available at the Center for Studies in Oil&Gas Flow and Measurement- Núcleo de Estudos em Escoamento e Medição de Óleo e Gás (NEMOG/UFES). The results obtained with the device demonstrate its ability to provide accurate in-line DSD information for water-in-oil emulsions, though with a more limited measurement range compared to the laser diffraction technique. The results are assessed using dimensionless numbers such as Reynolds and Weber, allowing for extrapolation across different scales. The developed device stands out for its simplicity, speed of measurement, and capability for in-line monitoring of emulsions.
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Palavras-chave
Distribuição de tamanho de gotas (DTG) , Microscopia óptica em linha , Emulsão Água-em-Óleo