Política Social
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Navegando Política Social por Assunto "Aging"
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- ItemApropriação e expropriação da velhice como um dos elementos para a reprodução do capital(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-04-30) Pinholato, Aniele Zanardo; Gomes, Maria das Graças Cunha; Sartim, Maria Madalena do Nascimento; Ramos, Maria Helena RautaConsidering the theory of labor value in Marx and, considering that the creation of value in capitalist society depends on consumption by the capital - the value of the use of the commodity labor power, this thesis sought to problematize the dual and contradictory movement of appropriation and expropriation of capital by old age. We conducted a literature review and documentary, from the Marxist referential, seeking dialogue with the authors from theoretical categories that provided relating aging and old age of the worker to the mundialização of the economy and capital restructuring, whose effects are to reveal the perverse world of work. Result of this approach the following issues: the myths and stereotypes that characterize old age as dependent, as synonymous of suffering and lack of physical beauty, they re gradually being overcome. The capitalist has realized that it is not strategic play such myths and stereotypes. Old age is a source of marketing possibilities and in this sense, is a source of realization of surplus value. The capital rotation and renovation of their cycles in the production process depend both on the exploitation of labor in the productive sphere, the consumption of goods. He guided the reflections, the formation of relative overpopulation. As a result of the historical movement, the elder nowadays not only inhabit the sphere of pauperism. Fruit of social struggle, the working class has won "the right to aging." By retirement or welfare policies through monetary transfer, the elders have income. This means that even in a situation of poverty and indigence, are also workers who pass by other forms of relative overpopulation. We conclude, finally, as indisputable fact, that the current and accelerated aging is changing the social relations: in capitalist accumulation and the responses of the state.
- ItemParticipação : um estudo sobre idosos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-10-20) Prado, Tania Maria Bigossi do; Moro, Maristela Dal; Silva, Alacir Ramos; Corleto, Alejandra PastoriniThis work aims to analyze the contribution of Programa Vivendo a Melhor Idade (Living the Best Age Program) of Vitória City Hall, in the conquest of effective participation of elderly in society, by means of the specific objectives: ) to identify if the program it includes the elderly in a participating management; b) to verify if the program subsidizes the political participation of the elderly in the struggle for achievement of rights and guarantee of the already conquered ones; c) to know if the program is making possible the preservation of autonomy, the promotion of integrity and the active and healthful aging. The technical procedures used were bibliographical, documentary and field researches. For the field research, halfstructuralized interviews were made with the elderly and social assistants inserted in the program and the collected material was analyzed in a qualitative approach. It was possible to identify some elements which indicate that this Program has given a relatively positive response to those questions. However, there are some obstacles to make possible the conquest of participation, autonomy and integration. In this Program the elderly have chance to insert themselves in physical, artistic, playful, educating and leisure activities, among others. All of them have great importance to experiment the process of aging in a positive way; however, a persistence concerning the conquest of the elderly participation does not appear, either in the program management or in public space for claiming. It was not observed any work on a perspective between different ages which could involve family and community. All the elderly state that they take account of their own proper lives and decisions, and that may a signal that their autonomy has been rescued and preserved. Although there are not registers of any effective contribution of the Program in this direction, it is undeniable that it subsidizes their attitude front to their daily questions. Regarding to the promotion of active and healthy aging, it is easily noticeable in their way of speaking, looking and act. It expresses itself when interviewed elderly speak of the motivation to go out and to overcome depressive states, the improvement of physical conditions and it is also implicit when they point out the condition of being aged as an important stage of the life, when they mention their conquests in relation to the latest generation and the possibility of fulfilling their freedom dream. In synthesis, even though the Living the Best Age Program can contribute to promote the effective participation of the elderly in society, it is still found incipient, because one cannot perceive either an effective contribution to consolidate the political participation of the elderly or an articulation of these groups in the aspects of citizenship, right defense and political action. It has structural limitations for such achievements in a society that, besides marked for an iniquitous inequality, presents an incipient culture in Politics - inexperienced and distant from the participation exercise - resulted from decades of authoritarian practices.
- ItemUm estudo sobre a estruturação da rede de proteção social voltada à população idosa no município de Vitória(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-07-08) Borba, Roberta Daniel de Carvalho Fernandes; Gomes, Maria das Graças Cunha; Siqueira, Márcia Smarzaro; Barcellos, Gilsa HelenaThis study aims at analyzing the structuring and effectiveness of the social protection system instituted by the National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS), which is intended for the elderly, concerning the Municipal Department of Social Assistances responsibility in the city of Vitória, ES, Brazil. This qualitative study is guided by the dialectical critical method, employing literature review, semi-structured interviews, and focus group with users, taking the following hypotheses into account: 1) National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS) delimits a new configuration of social protection; 2)Social Policy for elderly care has shown advances, however, it has not been constructed and carried out in an intersectorial way; and 3) the attention to the family detachment process is ineffective, and Non-Governmental Organizations are the ones in charge of sheltering these senior citizens. The discussion is based on the dynamics in which the social assistance policy was constituted before 1988 through philanthropic practices, with circumstantial and straightforward features far from being granted as a right. In 1988, with the new Brazilian Constitution, it began to be regarded as a right and States duty. The 1993 Organic Law of Social Assistance(LOAS) organizes and regulates its constitutional premises. Besides that, the number of elderly people has grown in Brazil and population aging is considered a noticeable world phenomenon. Nevertheless, this demographic growth in the elderly segment is followed by human, social, cultural, economic, and family needs, which do not always follow the same pace of the supporting ability of elderly individuals,their families, and public authorities. The results show advances and limitations in the structure and execution of the elderly social protection network. The political responses are most expressive at the basic social protection level, the mediumcomplexity actions are being structured, but they are little recognized by the users. The high-complexity actions, involving Long-Term Care Facilities, will remain the Third Sectors responsibility, because there is no planning at the Municipal Department of Social Assistance to take on this responsibility. This study also identified that the city government co-manages actions with Third Sector Institutions, such as controlling social equipment, hiring professionals, and purchasing materials so as to provide care services to the user. However, this partnership has several weaknesses. In conclusion, the responses by the State concerning facing the challenges brought by aging have advanced, but in a very limited way, which prevents the elderly population from exercising their full right as citizens and confirms the neoliberal ideas in dealing with the social question.