Ciências Farmacêuticas

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17568
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas

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URL do programa: http://www.farmacia.vitoria.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGCFAR

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    Avaliação do efeito gastroprotetor das sementes de Persea americana Mill
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-28) Athaydes, Brena Ramos; Kitagawa, Rodrigo Rezende; Gonçalves, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro; Borges, Warley de Souza; Fronza, Marcio
    Peptic ulcer is one of the most common diseases affecting the world's population. It is characterized by an imbalance between protective (mucus and bicarbonate production, antioxidants and prostaglandins) and aggressor factors (oxidative stress, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Helicobacter pylori) of the gastric mucosa. The inflammatory ulcer process induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, which can chronically lead to gastric cancer. In Brazil, there are reports of the use of Persea americana Mill. seeds (avocado) for the treatment of gastric diseases, however, without scientific evidence. Some research also highlights its antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. In this context, we evaluated the antioxidant and anti-H. pylori activity, the immunomodulatory effect and the antitumor effect in gastric adenocarcinoma cells of the hydroalcoholic extract (SCE) and ethyl acetate (SEAP) and hexane (SHP) partitions from avocado seeds. SEAP obtained better results; therefore, we also performed its chemical profile and the study of its gastroprotective effects in the acute indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model, through histological analysis and quantification of the biochemical parameters of the inflammation. SEAP and SHP efficiently inhibited gastric tumor cells and H. pylori growth, confirmed by bacterial morphology changes. SEAP presented better results in the capture of ABTS•+, DPPH• , O2 •- , H2O2, HOCl and inhibition of HRP enzyme, besides modulating inflammation by inhibiting IL-6 production significantly. SEAP chromatographic study by ESI FT-ICR MS showed the presence of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and tannins, such as caffeioylquinic acid, catechin and epicatechin (confirmed by HPLC-DAD) and quercetin and kaempferol derivatives. SEAP reduced gastric lesions characteristics in macroscopic and histological analysis, besides increasing mucus production. In oxidative stress parameters, there was a significant reduction of AOPP and MDA levels with increase of SOD activity. These results show that P. americana Mill. seeds are capable to inhibit the pathways involved in the formation of ulcer and gastric cancer due to the presence of phenolic compounds, being a strategic alternative in the treatment of gastric diseases.