Agricultura Tropical

URI Permanente desta comunidade

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17346
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical

Centro: CEUNES
Telefone: (27) 3312 1701
URL do programa: http://agriculturatropical.ufes.br

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Navegando Agricultura Tropical por Autor "Altoé, Jalille Amim"

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    Dimensionamento amostral e tamanho ótimo de parcela na experimentação com mudas clonais de cacaueiro
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-26) Morais, Letícia Galvão; Santana, Enilton Nascimento de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-0515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2422824511849628; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6837-7425; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0929483910063628; Altoé, Jalille Amim; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-3709; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448633584712408; Souza, Carlos Alberto Spaggiari; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-8277; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0269965409811811
    Cocoa is a crop of great economic importance for Brazil and has been economically exploited since the 1930s. Therefore, the crop has undergone and continues to undergo several improvement processes that have allowed its production to be diversified. For this to continue, scientific experiments are essential, especially those aimed at evaluating the quality of seedlings, since this is the main form of crop propagation, and there is a specific number of clonal varieties. In this type of experiment, there is no consensus regarding the amount of material necessary to obtain reliable results, moreover, when evaluating a characteristic, it is common to observe variation between plants, even among those subjected to the same treatment. Therefore, it is important to base on a scientific justification to determine the amount of material that will be used to carry out effective experimental planning. In this sense, the objective was to determine, through two different methodologies, the amount of material, that is, the number of plants, that should be used in the experimentation with clonal cocoa seedlings. Therefore, the sample size was determined using the deterministic method, and the optimal plot size was determined using the modified maximum curvature method with bootstrap simulation. In both cases, 50 seedlings from six different clones were used, totaling 300 plants. 12 morphological traits and four indexes used in seedling morphological characterization studies were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were performed, including: mean, median, maximum, minimum, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. For the first chapter, the sample size was also determined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and skewness. A sample size was determined for estimating errors set at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% of the mean, with a 95% confidence level. The sample size for evaluating traits obtained by measurement, weighing, leaf number, leaf area, root number, and volume increases in this order. For the indexes, the sample size increases in the order of IR, IRC, IQD, and AFE. Allowing for a 20% error, the sample size of 119 seedlings covers the six clones used in this study, as well as the sixteen variables evaluated. In the second chapter, the optimal plot size for experimentation with clonal cacao seedlings was determined, and the value found was nine plants per experimental plot.
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    Pré-melhoramento da amendoeira para as condições do norte do Espírito Santo
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-27) Bonelá, Édlen dos Santos; Czepak, Marcio Paulo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-6727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560696413338919; Schmildt, Edilson Romais ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8935-9826; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9293885137589656; Altoé, Jalille Amim; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-3709; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448633584712408; Schmildt, Omar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-2152; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7357949702839126
    The almond tree (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb.) is a crop of great economic and food relevance in various regions of the world, especially in Mediterranean climate regions. In Brazil, despite its global importance, commercial almond tree cultivation has not yet been registered. The objective of this study was to carry out the preliminary improvement of the almond tree, through investigations that characterize the crop and assess its behavior in tropical conditions in the north of Espírito Santo, with a focus on the adaptation and performance of plants propagated by different methods. The work is structured into four chapters that address different perspectives of this research. Chapter 1 presents a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production on almond tree cultivation, using the Scopus platform to identify research trends, leading producing countries, and the areas of greatest scientific focus. The analysis of 1,160 articles published between 2003 and 2023 revealed the predominance of publications from Spain, the United States, Iran, Italy, and Turkey. The keyword analysis revealed key themes, including genetics, breeding, and water stress. The bibliometric analysis proved to be an effective quantitative tool for understanding the status of scientific research related to almond tree cultivation, providing insights and references for research in the field. In Chapter 2, the adaptation of the almond tree to the tropical climate was evaluated through different propagation methods: seminiferous 1 (almond xi seedlings obtained from seeds), seminiferous 2 (seedlings obtained from seeds with lateral branches removed), and grafting (branches from seminiferous 2 grafted onto the 'Okinawa' rootstock). The results showed that plants propagated by grafting presented better survival rates, height, and stem diameter, highlighting that the use of the 'Okinawa' rootstock was effective in adapting the almond tree to the tropical climate. Chapter 3 addressed the modeling of the leaf area of the '70' almond tree clone, aiming to understand the plant's physiological performance. Twelve mathematical equations (linear, quadratic, power, and exponential) were adjusted and compared to estimate the leaf area based on the leaf dimensions: length (L), width (W), and the product of length and width (LW), using the R software. The quadratic equation, based on the product of length and width, presented the best fit, validated by the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) closest to zero, and the Willmott agreement index (d) closest to one, with the equation given by LAE = 0.0865 + 0.6517LW + 0.0015LW². In Chapter 4, the genetic diversity of almond trees in the northern Espírito Santo was evaluated, considering the effects of vegetative propagation through cloning and seed propagation on plant development and disease resistance. A total of 226 individuals were analyzed, including 64 cloned and 162 seed derived plants. Variables such as the number of shoots, the number of shoots above 100 cm, height, stem diameter, and the incidence and severity of the "bullet hole" disease were measured. Genetic parameters estimated included environmental variance, experimental coefficient of variation, phenotypic variance, genetic variance, broad-sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation, and variation index. The analysis allowed for the identification of genotypes with greater size and lower disease susceptibility, highlighting their suitability for propagation and use in breeding programs. Through pre-breeding studies, the viability of almond cultivation and its adaptation to the tropical climate of northern Espírito Santo was confirmed, particularly with the use of the ‘Okinawa’ rootstock. These results represent an initial step in the selection of adapted genotypes, paving the way for future research of almond cultivation in Brazil