Doutorado em Química
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: início
Ano de início: 2014
Conceito atual na CAPES: 5
Ato normativo: Homologação da 85ª Reunião do CTC-ES, Parecer CNE/CES nº 163/2005.
Processo nº 23001.000081/2005-56 do Ministério da Educação.
Publicado no DOU 28/07/2005, seção 1, página 11)
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Química
Url do curso: https://quimica.vitoria.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGQ/detalhes-do-curso?id=956/a>
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Navegando Doutorado em Química por Autor "Athayde, Geisamanda Pedrini Brandao"
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- ItemAvaliação da distribuição de elementos químicos em sedimento marinho, água do mar e material particulado atmosférico da Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-02-25) Dalfior, Bruna Miurim; Athayde, Geisamanda Pedrini Brandao; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-0653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8037324704189596; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Lima, Maria Tereza Weitzel Dias Carneiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-5093; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9989703911201351; Neto, Renato Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0803-4435; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1931267781220159; Borges, Daniel Lazaro Gallindo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-7180; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9529870514669368; Matos, Wladiana Oliveira; Sa, Fabian; https://orcid.org/0000000339645685; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9329106914297651The urban and industrial growth around the Greater Vitória Metropolitan Region has awakened the need to monitor the area in order to investigate the impacts on the environment. For this work purpose, the concentration of chemical elements in a sample of marine sediment and in a sample of atmospheric material from the Region of Grande Vitória do Espírito Santo and a sample of atmospheric material from the Region of Grande Vitória and apparent is determined. Marine sediment and seawater samples were collected at 23 sampling points (5 quarterly campaigns). As a sample of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) from 16 sampling points, they were provided by the State Institute for the Environment (IEMA). A decrease in the concentration of elements in the 2C and 5C campaigns was observed for the sediment samples, which may have occurred due to climatic conditions with large volume of precipitation and high energy events. Among the elements determined in the sediment samples, the concentrations of As, Cd, Zn, V and Mn stand out, since they were higher than recommended in the quality guides by calculating contamination indices, which may be related to a natural contribution from the Barreiras Group, as well as anthropic sources, such as mining. For seawater samples, higher concentrations of Pb, Mn, Zn and, above all, Fe were observed, with some samples showing values higher than those recommended for water intended for primary contact recreation. Similar behavior to that of the sediments was observed for the water samples from the 2C and 5C campaigns, which presented the lowest concentrations. Through the treatment of the concentration data of the sediment and water samples (dissolved fraction) using Pearson's correlation, it was possible to observe low correlations, however, mostly negative, suggesting a small transfer of the elements between the matrices. In order to better evaluate the distribution of elements in the sedimentary matrix and in the fraction dissolved in the water, the partition coefficient was calculated for all sampling points. Log Kd values greater than O were observed for most elements, indicating greater association with the sedimentary matrix, highlighting Mn and Fe; however, Ni and Zn behaved in opposite ways, indicating them with greater availabilty and appreciable presence in the dissolved fraction of water. For the study of atmospheric particulate matter, in addition to the elements previously determined in the sediments, rare earth elements (REEs) in PM samples and some possible sources of increment for this material were determined. The results found indicate that for each of the analyzed sources it would be possible to use a group of REEs to be used as chemical markers. It was also observed that the particulate material samples showed greater similarities with the sand and iron ore samples with and without suppressor resin than with the cement and asphalt samples. As concentrations for most of the elements studied in the particulate material matrix are not foreseen in the environmental quality guides, it was not possible to infer about the air quality of the Greater Vitória Region. In view of the results presented, the importance of monitoring this region is verified, considering the activities that take place in the surroundings of these environmental areas.
- ItemAvaliação dos Teores de Elementos em Amostras de Água e Sedimentos da Bacia Hidrográfica Rio Reis Magos - ES: Em Busca de Indícios de Impactos Antrópicos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-08-26) Barbieri, Eldis Maria Sartori; Athayde, Geisamanda Pedrini Brandao; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-0653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8037324704189596; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza, Jefferson Rodrigues de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-8735; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2386398242050923; Ribeiro, Juliano Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-7551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6265921763953587; Ferreira, Rafael de Queiroz; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5053247764430323; Lelis, Maria de Fatima FontesAnthropogenic activities can cause important environmental impacts, since the contribution of trace elements in ecosystems affect geochemical cycles and present toxicity to living beings. When these elements are carried to aquatic systems, they are distributed between water and sediments, and most of them accumulate in sediments due to adsorption, hydrolysis and co-capacity processes, therefore, they are potential sources of contamination, as they can re-available them in the water body. Therefore, research with sediments is fundamental to verify the anthropic contribution in the structure of these ecosystems, having as polluting sources direct discharges of effluents and solid residues, agricultural defensives, fertilizers, atmospheric deposition and sediment transport. With the water crisis, the Government of Espírito Santo (Brazil) started to use, in 2017, the Reis Magos River for public supply, however, this hydrographic basin has been suffering important environmental impacts, however, despite its importance, there is still no data provided published regarding its environmental quality. Thus, the present work aimed to quantify the requirements of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb e Zn, organic matter and carbonate content, pH, granulometric and crystallographic study in sediment. For water samples determination of pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity, turbidity, oxydation reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS) and salinity of the Basin of the River Reis Magos. To assess the probability of adverse effects to biota, the values by the Canadian Council of Ministries of Environment that recommend threshold effect level (TEL) and probable effects level (PEL) concentration levels were adopted. In order to measure the degree of anthropogenic contribution, enrichment factors (EF), contamination (FC) and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk (EF) were determined. The correlation between the variables made by principal component analysis (PCA), showing a direct relationship between the degree of source and proximity to the urban center, alkaline mineralogical characteristics cause an increase in pH and the higher the content of fines and organic matter, the greater the concentration of trace elements. For the water samples the concentrations of As, Cr, Cu and Fe presented more alarming values, above those allowed by law (10, 50, 9 and 300 µL L-1, respectively), mainly in the Reis Magos River. According to the general assessment, the sediments have mild to severe degrees of contamination, with a range of EF 5.67 - 384.02, suggesting a possible anthropic contribution.
- ItemCaracterização dos Sistemas Praiais Adjacentes à Foz do Rio Doce (Espírito Santo, Brasil) quanto aos Teores de Elementos Químicos em Sedimentos e Material Particulado em Suspensão(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-09-23) Krause, Maiara; Lima, Maria Tereza Weitzel Dias Carneiro; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9989703911201351; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Souza, Jefferson Rodrigues de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Athayde, Geisamanda Pedrini Brandao; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8037324704189596; Ribeiro, Juliano Souza; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Sa, Fabian; https://orcid.org/0000000339645685; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9329106914297651abstract
- ItemPimenta-do-reino do Espírito Santo: avaliação do teor de piperina, composição do óleo essencial e composição elementar(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-09-24) Vieira, Luiza Valli; Lima, Maria Tereza Weitzel Dias Carneiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-5093; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9989703911201351; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1465003539892122; Borges, Keyller Bastos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-1919; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7045415884414249; Athayde, Geisamanda Pedrini Brandao; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-0653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8037324704189596; Ribeiro, Juliano Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-7551; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6265921763953587; Borges, Warley de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000000344751028; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9742402285970429Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the most widely consumed and commercialized spices in the world, and it is grown in several tropical regions, mainly Vietnam, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. The evaluation of the quality of black pepper is mainly related to its flavor and odor, as well as the presence of contaminants. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of black pepper in terms of piperine content, essential oil composition, and elemental composition in black pepper samples grown in Espirito Santo (ES), Brazil. The effect of drying type and harvest period was also investigated. For comparison, samples from Ecuador, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and Sri Lanka were used. To determine the piperine content, an ultrasoundassisted solid-liquid ethanol extraction was performed, and the extract was analyzed by HPLC-DAD, after validation of the methodology. The essential oil of black pepper was extracted using the hydrodistillation method with the aid of a Clevenger apparatus to evaluate its volatile composition. The chromatographic profile was obtained after GC-MS analysis of the distilled material. Finally, the elemental composition was evaluated by drying the samples and then performing an acid decomposition assisted by microwave radiation. The analytes were determined using ICP OES and ICP-MS. It was observed that the harvest period has little influence on the piperine content of black peppers. Campaign 2 (Nov/17), on the other hand, showed changes in the composition of the essential oil as well as a reduction in macronutrients Ca, K, Mg, and S as well as micronutrient B, implying that there was a change in the plant's secondary metabolism during this campaign. Mechanical drying (with direct and indirect fire) caused changes in the composition of the essential oil, which are related to exposure to high temperatures during processing. Furthermore, as a result of direct contact with metallic structures and particulate material from burning, an increase in Fe and Cr was observed in mechanical drying with direct fire. Furthermore, regardless of the type of drying or collection campaign used, As and Pb concentrations were found to be higher than the maximum limits established for some samples, with maximum values of 0.46 and 0.56 mg kg-1 found to be higher than the safe limits for human consumption established by Brazilian legislation. In this study, it was also possible to observe that the samples cultivated in ES have remarkable characteristics when compared to samples from other locations, and it is possible to guarantee the geographic origin of black pepper using the multi-element profile and essential oil composition, as well as the analysis of main components.
- ItemPreparação e caracterização de um candidato à material de referência de elementos traço em petróleo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-03-28) Marchezi, Thabita Thiciana Bastos; Lima, Maria Tereza Weitzel Dias Carneiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-5093; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9989703911201351; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3585702259425999; Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araujo; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045; Souza, Jefferson Rodrigues de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Athayde, Geisamanda Pedrini Brandao; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-0653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8037324704189596; Filgueiras, Paulo Roberto; https://orcid.org/0000000326171601; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1907915547207861Due to the complexity determination of trace elements in crude oil, mainly by multi element techniques, many works have been developed to optimize instrumental parameters and new techniques for preparation and introduction of samples, aiming at improving the sensitivity, precision and accuracy in the measurement. In all cases, it is necessary to use reference materials (RMs) and/or certified reference materials (CRMs) to verify the performance of the new proposed method. However, most reference materials for trace elements in the liquid fuels are matrices like gasoline, diesel oil, fuel oil and lubricating oil. In this work it was developed all the necessary steps for the preparation, characterization and certification of a national crude oil reference material for trace elements following the internationally accepted requirements. Three kilos of crude oil were homogenized under optimized conditions and they were distributed among 115 units containing about 20 g each. The homogeneity of the material was studied in the different units produced. For the short term stability study, a test was performed at different temperatures, ranging from + 4 to + 50 º C, and storage times of 1, 2, 3 and 4. The long-term study was performed for 9 months at the laboratory room temperature (+20 to +26 ºC). The obtained results indicated that the material was homogeneous and stable under the studied conditions. For the statistical evaluation, classical statistical techniques were performed, such as analysis of variance and regression tests and multivariate techniques, as the principal component Analysis (PCA). For the values attributed to the mass fractions (µg g-1), a multi-method in-house approach was used. The combination of the results obtained in the characterization and in the studies of homogeneity and stability allowed to assign values to 5 elements with their respective uncertainties: 2 certified values (Ni and V), 3 reference values (Ba, Na and Sr) and 4 values information (Ca, Mg, Co and Fe).