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- ItemAna y Siervo siguen sin tierra: el realismo estético como aproximación al conflicto de la posesión de la tierra en los estudios literarios latinoamericanos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-02-22) Villa Ramírez, Oscar Jhony; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Soares, Luís Eustáquio; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Amaral, Sérgio da Fonseca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Roux, Guillaume Bruno; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Durante el año 2021, y solo hasta el mes de septiembre, en Colombia se han contado más de 57.000 desplazados de forma violenta desde sus territorios1 . Este fenómeno se ha venido presentando desde mitad del siglo XX, sin embargo, a pesar del reciente acuerdo de paz entre las FARC-EP2 y el Gobierno del Presidente Juan Manuel Santos, el fenómeno se ha intensificado. Esto nos lleva a pensar en los motivos por los cuales el conflicto ha durado más de 50 años, y la respuesta podría encontrarse en expresiones literarias como Siervo Sin Tierra (1950), del autor colombiano Eduardo Caballero Calderón. Con el objetivo de entender la naturaleza, el surgimiento y la duración de este conflicto, encontramos una obra brasilera llamada Ana Sem Terra (1990) del autor Alcy Cheuiche. En ella, también se relata un conflicto violento que termina trágicamente, y cuyos orígenes pueden tener cierta relación con el conflicto colombiano a pesar de sus particularidades. Para entenderlo, haremos un análisis de las dos obras en torno al Realismo Estético. Adicionalmente, estaremos apoyándonos en M. Heidegger y R. Espósito para entender la relación de la tierra con quien la posee y la función de la misma como cosa, razón por la cual se torna en motivo de disputa. Como resultado, la relación entre ambas obras puede ser el punto de partida para abordajes integradores de la realidad latinoamericana en torno a sus conflictos sociales explicando su duración, origen y naturaleza.
- ItemBurnout e fadiga por compaixão em trabalhadores de enfermagem do serviço de nefrologia(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-30) Ribeiro, Lisiane Silva; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Batista, Karla de Melo ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Introduction: Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue are conditions that negatively affect the physical and mental health of nursing workers, resulting in physical exhaustion, anxiety, depression and depersonalization in relation to work. The quality of care provided is also compromised, due to fatigue and decreased empathy when interacting with patients. Signs of Burnout have been observed among nephrology nursing staff, with effects on the health of the worker and the work environment. Objective: To identify the determinants of Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue, to describe Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in nursing workers, to analyze the perception of nursing workers in relation to Burnout and Compassion Fatigue, and to build an educational technology for coping with Burnout and Compassion Fatigue for nursing workers. Method: Applied research, with technological production, carried out with nursing workers from the nephrology service of a university hospital in the southeast. The research was carried out in four stages: 1) Literature review; 2) Quantitative data collection; 3) Qualitative data collection; 4) Technology development. Results: The integrative literature review includes work overload, lack of institutional support and continuous contact with situations of suffering as the main determinants for the development of Burnout and Compassion Fatigue among nursing workers in the nephrology sector. These factors were corroborated by the study's findings. In the quantitative analysis, 47% of the participants showed high levels of stress and 53% showed signs of Burnout; in addition, 65% reported symptoms of Compassion Fatigue, and the majority of those affected were women, 70%. In the qualitative analysis, the following categories emerged: emotional and work overload, lack of professional recognition and lack of psychological support. Product: Chatbot-type educational technology, with an artificial intelligence interface and self-management, in which the virtual secretary can identify workers' demands regarding Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue, presenting personalized strategies based on user interactions. Final considerations: This study revealed an overview of the information collected in the assessments of Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue among nursing workers in the Nephrology Unit. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, it was possible to measure the severity of these conditions using psychometric scales and to explore the professionals' subjective perceptions. The quantitative analysis revealed high levels of stress and emotional exhaustion, while the qualitative analysis highlighted categories such as emotional overload, lack of professional recognition and absence of psychological support. Based on these findings, educational technology was developed in the form of a chatbot, designed to help professionals self-manage Burnout and Compassion Fatigue, responding to the specific needs of workers
- ItemEfeitos ambientais dos resíduos da pesca artesanal em Marataízes, Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-23) Brumana, João Vitor da Silva; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Campos, Adriana Fiorotti ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8207-5553; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8272405462162388; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6252-4954; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762930312698510; Ferreira, Gilton Luís ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3201-0380; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3133702770099083; Cabral, Joilson de Assis ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-0195; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3912633890004376; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Artisanal fishing is a cornerstone of coastal communities in Espírito Santo, Brazil, providing a vital source of livelihood for numerous families. Its significance extends beyond economic aspects, encompassing cultural and social dimensions, forging a deep connection between communities and the environment. Despite its crucial role, the generation of waste from fish processing poses a significant challenge for the fishing sector. The current management of this waste is characterized by worrying irregularities, leading to substantial negative environmental impacts. This inadequate management not only jeopardizes the quality of marine ecosystems but also contributes to large-scale environmental manipulation. This research delves into the critical role of artisanal fishing in the environmental impacts associated with fishing activities in the municipality of Marataízes, Espírito Santo. The primary objective is to evaluate the environmental impacts resulting from the irregular disposal of waste from artisanal fishing in the Barra do Itapemirim and Pontal ports, located in the municipality of Marataízes. The methodology employed in this study integrates both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Initially, the evaluation of the artisanal fishermen's profile involved the application of questionnaires, following a documentary methodological approach. This stage encompassed aspects identified in the diagnosis, including the disposal of waste resulting from fish processing. To analyze the composition of the generated waste, physical, chemical, and nutritional characterizations were performed, providing a comprehensive understanding of the waste generated in the process. The results and analyses of this research enabled the characterization of the fishermen's profile and fishing activities in the studied communities. Furthermore, it was possible to understand the composition of fish waste, noting the significant presence of lipids, proteins, and energy. It was also identified that the continuous disposal of this waste is causing significant environmental impacts due to the high concentration of the parameters found. This made it possible to suggest measures for the reuse of this waste, such as the production of fishmeal, aiming to mitigate these impacts and promote a more sustainable use of available resources
- ItemEstrutura eletrônica de sistemas triangulares de carbono e nitreto de boro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-03) Terroso, Carolina Jordoni; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Pansini, Fernando Néspoli Nassar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8984-686X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7331959117489023; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-5471; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6973934643706120; Souza, Fábio Arthur Leão de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-7330; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1140962711692698; Scopel, Wanderlã Luis ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2091-8121; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1465127043013658; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Triangular carbon systems in single monolayer, also known as n-triangulenes (where n is the number of carbon rings at the base of the triangle), hold significant potential in nanoelectronics and spintronics applications due to their electronic structure and ground state multiplicity being dependent on the system’s size. However, controlling their high chemical reactivity at the edges, due to its zig-zag edge configuration, remains a challenge from an experimental standpoint. The strategy investigated in this study to address this characteristic is to create an insulating matrix of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) so that the triangulenes can be embedded in the h-BN structure, maintaining their electronic and magnetic properties. Given the size of the studied systems, the Density Functional Theory will be used in all electronic structure calculations. The results revealed that the formation of h-BN or carbon domains is equally possible, and the multiplicities of the ground state are determined solely by the carbon sites, regardless of their position, size, or whether the carbon islands are connected or not. Additionally, Lieb’s Theorem holds true in all cases when considering only the carbon sites, which can be a useful tool in determining the ground state spin of these systems
- ItemJudicialização dos processos seletivos de ingresso nos cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-09) Faian, Daniel Souza; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Zaganelli, Margareth Vetis; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-1838; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Coelho Junior, Thalmo de Paiva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-1882; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Fabriz, Daury Cesar; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3781-5890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/This is a Professional Master's Dissertation resulting from a study that aimed to investigate the judicialization of the admission processes for undergraduate programs at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES). The need to reconcile the interest in accessing public higher education in Brazil with existing regulations, inclusion policies, and the State's budgetary constraints has increased the complexity of the admission processes. Simultaneously, the 1988 Federal Constitution expanded the possibilities for access to justice and the role of the Judiciary. In this context, the judicialization of admission processes has become a frequent trend, and UFES, particularly as the only public university in the state where it is located, is not immune to this phenomenon. The research is documentary, descriptive, and explanatory, conducted through a mixed-method approach. Quantitative and qualitative stages of document analysis were carried out on the judicial cases available on the virtual page of the Federal Regional Court of the 2nd Region, related to admission to UFES undergraduate programs. The results present an overview that highlights the increase in the number of lawsuits between 2018 and 2023, as well as the Judiciary's involvement in implementing public policy for higher education admission. The phenomenon predominantly involves sensitive issues, such as the quota system. Moreover, the analysis of the judicial decisions related to these cases demonstrates that there is no judicial activism in the content of the decisions, that the rulings are primarily based on factual matters and principled and jurisprudential arguments, and that UFES is the losing party in a minority of cases. However, the rulings against the University—especially those that provisionally mandate enrollment—have significant consequences for public administration and students. Therefore, the study of the judicialization phenomenon reveals weaknesses, potentialities, and solutions for public administration, making it possible to outline recommendations that contribute to improving the admission processes for undergraduate programs at UFES, in order to prevent recurring legal disputes.
- ItemO conflito entre determinismo e liberdade a partir do problema da consciência no pensamento de Nietzsche : do naturalismo ao expressivismo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-04-30) Onofri, Wilson Luciano; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Viesenteiner, Jorge Luiz ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-7890 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7444634503835464 ; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2948-848X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8870902767738066; Araldi, Clademir Luís ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8255-2946 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9512892707756969 ; Mattioli, William ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2894-548X ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1581514107642478 ; Paschoal, Antônio Edmilson ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-4204 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0158461643798918 ; Paula, Wander Andrade de ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9915527652524532 ; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The thesis defended here is the possibility of making freedom and determinism compatible in the problem of consciousness based on an expressivist conception of moral agent, in Nietzsche’s philosophy. As an expressivist moral agent, it is understood here that the moral agent is not a previously given entity that needs to be discovered to conduct the action and its evaluation, but first and foremost, the location where transformation processes take place, constituted in the space of tension between the individual and the supra-individual plane where the moral agent is constituted in the social dynamics itself. Thus, the expressivist moral agent would not be behind the action as a causal or intentional entity, but would manifest itself in the action as a totality, in the process of carrying out the action itself. To this end, the development of Nietzsche's thought on the subject was reconstructed based on the tension between naturalism and transcendental philosophy, from the first reflections of youth to maturity, identifying a solution to the problem in expressivism. Furthermore, it was necessary to identify the notion of freedom desired by Nietzsche in the idea of self-awareness, and not just linked to the mere idea of consciousness, and thus relate the contemporary problem of philosophy of mind with Nietzsche's program of self-creation
- ItemParticles emission and transport due to wind erosion on beds and stockpiles : local and non-local aspects of turbulent fluid flow dynamics(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-03) Morais, Cristina Lima de; Furieri, Bruno ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9736-0250; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6585455298349085; Caliman, Maria Clara Schuwartz Ferreira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9323-5041; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9245815665956760; Harion, Jean-Luc ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4317-9146; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Santos, Jane Meri ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-2849; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0120226021957540; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4557-9952; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3583322289076958; Albuquerque, Taciana Toledo de Almeida ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6611-0283; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339985577872129; Reis Junior, Neyval Costa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-4063; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4944106074149720; Nieckele, Angela Ourivio ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4836-8931; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6935503527357767; Sartim, Rafael ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5678-2027; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0380809249444032; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of particle behavior in both local and non-local contexts. We analyze the influence of different configurations of successive stockpiles on the re-emission potential of particles from their surroundings using the USEPA model. This analysis is important for industries that store granular materials in open yards, as it helps to understand the impact of stockpile arrangements on particle emission. However, the USEPA model relies on an empirical equation and has gaps in its consideration of non-erodible particles and their effects on turbulent structures. Additionally, the friction velocity distribution used in the model is derived from previous RANS numerical simulations, which may not be the most accurate. Moving from a non-local to a local perspective, we assess the influence of non erodible particles on the development of fluid flow structures at the particle level. We examine the role of turbulent structures in particle entrainment through LES simulations, which provide detailed information about the flow field. These simulations allowed us to generate probability density distributions of friction velocity for smooth and rough beds, which can be used to improve or develop more accurate environmental stochastic prediction models. Finally, we evaluate the similarity requirements of wind flow, particle entrainment, and particle transport in wind tunnel experiments to ensure they accurately represent real-scale scenarios. By addressing these similarity requirements, we discuss the conditions under which wind tunnel experiments can reliably simulate real conditions, which is essential for the future applicability of our findings
- ItemSala de leitura como espaço de resistência : práxis bibliotecária em Cachoeiro de Itapemirim-ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-07) Gomes, Laís Lupim Santos; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Pereira, Gleice ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-112X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0335559966184833; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-5543; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7517956299408536; Moraes, Margarete Farias de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-4610; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6346587909398922; Bortolin, Sueli ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7411-2716; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9391057804931698; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/It is understood that school libraries are not mere complements, but fundamental elements of the pedagogical environment, whose presence is vital in the daily life of schools. However, achieving the universalization of these spaces has faced a series of practical challenges, with the shortage of properly qualified librarians being one of the main obstacles nationwide. These difficulties compromise the effectiveness of policies aiming to universalize school libraries, making it crucial to seek solutions to overcome these barriers. In this context, this study investigates the socio-educational role of reading rooms in municipal schools of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES, as well as explores how librarians can contribute to managing these spaces, using librarian praxis as a central approach. The study diagnoses the current situation of the reading rooms, analyzes the actions taken, the professionals involved, the physical environment, management, and existing policies. It also examines the integration and participation of librarians in these rooms, comparing them with school libraries, and discusses how librarian praxis can be a differential in managing these spaces. To achieve these objectives, a mixed methodological approach is adopted, combining exploratory and descriptive elements. The research includes an initial literature and document review, followed by a mixed data collection to understand the dynamics of reading rooms in Cachoeiro de Itapemirim. Finally, a Case Study method is used to analyze the data obtained and formulate recommendations. Based on this knowledge, projects for reading rooms managed by librarians are suggested as a viable alternative to address the lack of qualified professionals. The results highlight the reading room as a sociocultural device and information center, emphasizing the importance of their management by qualified librarians. Furthermore, it underscores the value of librarian praxis for the development of reading rooms, with an emphasis on their sociocultural and critical dimensions
- ItemTransmissão vertical da infecção pelo HIV e da sífilis na faixa de fronteira terrestre do Brasil de 2010 a 2020(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-29) Lannoy, Leonor Henriette de; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Miranda, Angelica Espinosa Barbosa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5556-8379; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5842271060162462; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9520-8538; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0999758340503440; Díaz Bermúdez, Ximena Pamela Claudia ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-7684; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1598351909460233; Brito, Ana Maria de ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0105337613337822; Teixeira, Carlos Graeff; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-0061; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0464152494769261; Cerutti Junior, Crispim ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9485-4191; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4257067087979999; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Introduction: Mother-to-child (MTCT) of HIV and syphilis (congenital syphilis) are diseases that persist as public health issues in several parts of the world, and have been scarcely studied at the Brazilian land border strip (LBS). Measures to prevent MTCT of HIV and syphilis are widely known and Brazil has the necessary resources and technologies available. The Brazilian LBS is the 3rd largest land border in the world and, for the purposes of planning and promoting regional development, the National Regional Development Policy (PNDR) established the division of the region into three major arcs: North, Central and South. In turn, borders are unique spaces with potential and challenges that require differentiated programmatic public policies that take into account the specificity of each territory. Understanding the epidemiological situation of the problem in the region aims to contribute to the implementation of public policies and support the strategy of eliminating MTCT of HIV and congenital syphilis. Objectives: Understand MTCT of HIV and syphilis and analyze the provision of health services at the Brazilian LBS from 2010 to 2020. Methods: A quantitative, ecological, and cross-sectional evaluation study was conducted using secondary data from cases of HIV/AIDS, HIV in pregnant women, acquired syphilis (AS), syphilis in pregnant women (PS), and congenital syphilis (CS) registered in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) between 2010 and 2020 and living in the Brazilian border municipalities. Information from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), the Primary Care Health Information System (SISAB), the e-Gestor and the Medicines Logistic Control System (SICLOM Managerial) were also used. The variables studied included sociodemographic characteristics, prenatal and delivery data, as well as the availability of services and procedures. Detection rates of AS, PS, AIDS, HIV infection in children under 5 years old, HIV in pregnant women, and the incidence of CS were calculated. The MTCT rate of HIV was estimated based on the number of children infected with HIV per year of birth divided by the number of HIV-infected pregnant women reported by year of delivery. Trends in detection and incidence rates were calculated for the analyzed period. Thematic maps were constructed for spatial distribution analysis of detection rates and incidences using Quantum GIS (QGIS) version 2.18.6, and spatial analysis was evaluated local autocorrelation (local index of spatial association—LISA) by means of Local Moran’s I index, calculated using R software version x64 3.4.0. Results: In the LBS, among pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis, 23.7% were 15 to 19 years old, 34.2% were illiterate or had 14 only primary education, 7% were black, and 47% were of mixed race. Among pregnant women with HIV infection, 15.6% were 15 to 19 years old, 34.0% were illiterate or attended only primary education, 10.1% were black, and 42.1% were of mixed race. It was verified that in 2019 and 2020 approximately 90% of pregnant women in the LBS had four or more prenatal consultations. However, in the Northern arc, this proportion was only 82% in 2019 and 79% in 2020. Information on rapid testing (RT) for syphilis in the SISAB was available on 84% of the municipalities while RT performance for HIV was available on 92% of them. Sixty-eight percent of the municipalities recorded the administration of penicillin for syphilis treatment and 17% of them had Medication Dispensing Units. The time series analysis in the LBS showed a 48% average annual increase in PS case detection rates from 2010 to 2020, being 59.6% in the Northern arc, 28.8% in the Central arc, and 67.2% in the Southern arc. Regarding CS, there was an average increase of 38.4% in the LBS, being 18.3% in the Northern arc, and 65.7% in the Southern arc. The Central Arc showed no statistically significant upward trend in the incidence of CS. The annual variation rate in the detection of pregnant women with HIV infection in the LBS was 9.1%, with an increase of 19.6% in the Northern Arc, 11.4% in the Central Arc and 6.1% in the Southern Arc. On the other hand, the AIDS trend in children under 5 years old showed a reduction in the period analyzed; in the FFT it was -16.1%, in the Northern Arc -8.3%, in the Central Arc -19.2% and in the Southern Arc -17.7%. The spatial analysis by LISA showed that in 2019 there were clusters of high PS rates in municipalities of Acre, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rio Grande do Sul. Clusters of CS and pregnant women living with HIV in Rio Grande do Sul, and transition areas (high-low) of AIDS in children under 5 in municipalities of Pará, Amazonas, Rondônia, and Mato Grosso do Sul, were also found. Conclusion: The study's findings reveal that MTCT of HIV and congenital syphilis persist as a major problem in Brazilian LBS and disproportionately affect women with low levels of schooling, adolescents and black women. However, its distribution is not homogeneous between the arcs, especially in the control of MTCT of HIV. There is a need to expand access to prenatal care and create mechanisms to guarantee the quality of care in general. To this end, public policies that contemplate inter-sectorial practices aimed at transforming specific social determinants of each arc and supporting binational mechanisms and agreements with legal instruments of integration are essential
- ItemUma proposta de ensino sobre o sistema solar para a educação básica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-28) Araujo, Maikon Barbosa de; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Bisch, Sérgio Mascarello ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-5772; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7149134147983654; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4364-4307; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1881390630645448; Roberto Junior, Artur Justiniano ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8935-2843; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6122155083160820; Alvarenga, Flávio Gimenes ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7169430092692431; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/We observed a growing interest on the part of Basic Education students in topics related to Astronomy, contributing to this the wide dissemination of the Brazilian Astronomy and Astronautics Olympiad (OBA). The presence of Astronomy themes in official texts that refer to the curriculum, such as the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and the New Secondary Education, is also notable. This motivated us to propose didactic sequences, based on the Theory of Meaningful Learning (TAS), developed by David Ausubel and widely disseminated in Brazil by Marco Antônio Moreira, aimed at teaching Astronomy in Basic Education. We organize classes into didactic sequences according to themes related to the Solar System, in the form of Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units (PMTUS), seeking to promote not only conceptual learning, but investigative experiences that motivate the student to delve deeper and continue learning Astronomy. We applied our teaching proposal in a public school in the state of Espírito Santo, through an elective discipline, consisting of twenty-six students. The project took place over a period of nine weeks with two classes per week, totaling eighteen class hours. To investigate the students' prior knowledge and the existence of possible misconceptions, at the beginning of each class we apply a test related to the PMTUS theme in question. In addition to the tests, we observe students' externalizations through conversations in the classroom and dialogues in the WhatsApp’s group. At the end of applying the teaching proposal, we looked for signs of meaningful learning through the comparison of both results of the initial tests and the final test, we analyzed the dialogues in the group and the practical activities photos shared. We noticed an improvement in the final test's correct answer rates for some questions and, through the analysis of conversations and practices, we observed the commitment of the students, who went beyond what was requested, spontaneously recognizing some constellations, revealing signs of meaningful learning. The learning observed, the motivation, the interest aroused in the students during the practical activities of observing and recognizing stars in the sky, revealed in their statements, seem to indicate that the teaching units proposed and applied, to a large extent, proved to be potentially significant. We hope that our research and teaching proposal, consolidated in the educational product we present in the annex, the booklet “Guide for beginners and backpackers to the Solar System”, can bring contributions to other teachers and researchers involved in teaching Astronomy for Basic Education
- ItemUnraveling the Crato Formation's preservation and paleoenvironment through the lens of insect taphonomy(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-24) Storari, Arianny Pimentel; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Silva, Taissa Rodrigues Marques da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7918-1358 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9562316044920852; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3645-3015; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3583792424205138; Erthal, Fernando ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-192X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0388654535102859; Araújo Júnior, Hermínio Ismael de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4371-0611; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3215361633678938; Pacheco, Mírian Liza Alves Forancelli ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-2321; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3481327026891705; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The Crato Formation (Santana Group, Araripe Basin, Brazil) is a well-known Konservat Lagerstätte that preserves a great number of various insect taxa that are exceptionally well preserved both in micro and macro scales. This unit represents a lacustrine paleoenvironment, and therefore, is also important for the study of aquatic insects and their interaction with this past environment. To date, only a few investigations have analyzed the general insect taphonomy of the Crato Formation so far, yet none used actualistic data, which we apply in the third chapter of the thesis. The first part of this thesis consists of a published paper containing the first detailed description of fossilized proventriculi from nine Grylloidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera) specimens of the Crato Formation. Based on the morphological and preservational signatures of the specimens, we bring new morphological data to explore the differences among extinct and extant taxa, that gives insight into the evolution and physiological development of Orthoptera, but mostly, about their exceptional preservation in this unit. The second part of this thesis presents a manuscript with the results on preservational modes of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) and crickets (Orthoptera) of the Crato Formation. We also present the modes of preservation of mayflies from the Solnhofen limestones (Upper Jurassic, Germany) for comparison. The majority of Crato specimens have several conserved external and internal microfeatures, and are preserved by replacement of the cuticle and of internal organs by iron oxides after pyritization, while the Solnhofen fossils are 11 preserved as impressions. In most Solnhofen fossils, their micron-scale morphology is obliterated by coarse mineral growth of calcite crystals. In general, Solnhofen fossils are complete, fully articulated, but with no submicron-scale replication of both external and internal morphology, and are extremely poorly preserved if compared to the insects of the Crato Formation. Lastly, the third manuscript presented in this thesis brings the results of experiments performed to determine the nature of the taphonomic processes and patterns which caused the state of preservation seen in the larvae of mayflies and dragonflies and adult mayflies preserved in the Crato Formation. Our results with experimentation show indications that carcasses of larval Hexagenitidae suffered little disturbance, typical of an autochthonous assemblage. We also noticed that adult fossil specimens with signs of longer decay time were extremely rare. The fossil dragonflies analyzed are preserved in a characteristic position that indicates minimal transport after death, which we find out after experiments with modern larvae. Data on disarticulation also suggest that the dragonfly gomphid larvae were not transported for long distances. Finally, our experiments have shown that when small insects, such as mayflies, die in sub-aerial conditions, there are few possibilities of overcoming the surface tension and sink. Thus, we believe microbial biofilms on the surface of the water were acting during carcass sinking in the Crato Formation
- ItemVozes negras em movimento: reivindicações feministas e ancestrais nas performances do coletivo “Sarau das Pretas”(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-04-01) Perozzo, Stefania; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Schiffler, Michele Freire; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Castagna, Vanessa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Caser, Maria Mirtis; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Girotto, Alice; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/This research aims to analyze the literary and artistic production of the group Sarau das Pretas, created in Sao Paulo in 2016. It is composed by four black women and a trans man, all of them coming from the marginal spaces of the suburbs; the group is an interesting evidence of the actual landscape of Brazilian marginal literature’s dynamicity, particularly the feminine and black one. Its art combines many artistic languages like poetry, dance, and music. It offers considerations about black women’s identity, guided by themes such as the body, the feminine, the ancestry and the Afro-diasporic culture; it also reports the racism and the sexist violence in the Brazilian society. The Sarau is therefore configured as a space of black women’s protagonism through the stimulation of their literary and artistic production and the creation of an environment based on listening, dialogue, sharing and empowerment. Besides highlighting the group’s artistic quality – examined through the lenses of performance studies–, the objective of this research is underlining its political, social and cultural demands, as well as its messages of pride, respect and care for black identity.