Doutorado em Ciência da Computação

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17626

Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início:
Conceito atual na CAPES:
Ato normativo:
Periodicidade de seleção:
Área(s) de concentração:
Url do curso:

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

A commitment-based reference ontology for service: harmonizing service perspectives
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-12-10) Nardi, Julio Cesar; Almeida, João Paulo Andrade; Falbo, Ricardo de Almeida; Pires, Luiz Ferreira; Amorim, Fernanda Araújo Baião; Guizzardi, Renata Silva Souza; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini
Nowadays, the notion of service has been widely adopted in the practice of economic sectors (e.g., Service, Manufacturing, and Extractive sectors), as well as, in the research focus of various disciplines (e.g., Marketing, Business, and Computer Science). Due to that, a number of research initiatives (e.g., service ontologies, conceptual models, and theories) have tried to understand and characterize the complex notion of service. However, due to particular views of these disciplines and economic sectors, a number of different characterizations of service (e.g., “service as interaction”, “service as value co-creation”, and “service as capability / manifestation of competence”, among others) have been proposed. The existence of these various non-harmonized characterizations, and the focus on a terminological debate about the “service” concept, instead of about the service phenomena from a broad perspective, make the establishment of a unified body of knowledge for service difficult. This limitation impacts, e.g., the establishment of unified conceptualization for supporting the smooth alignment between Business and IT views in service-oriented enterprise architecture (SoEA), and the design and usage of service modeling languages. In this thesis we define a theoretical foundation for service based on the notion of service commitment and claims as basic elements in the characterization of service relations along service life cycle phases (service offer, service negotiation, and service delivery). As discussed in this work, this theoretical foundation is capable of harmonizing a number of service perspectives found in the literature. Such theoretical foundation is specified in a well-founded core reference ontology, named UFO-S, which was designed by adopting a sound ontological engineering apparatus (mainly, a wellfounded ontology representation language, OntoUML, and approaches of model verification and model validation). As a kind of “theory”, UFO-S was applied in the analysis of SoEA structuring principles in order to define a “commitment-based SoEA view”, which remarks social aspects inherent in service relations usually underexplored in widely adopted service-oriented approaches (such as SOA-RM by OASIS, ITIL, and ArchiMate). Based on this, UFO-S was also applied in an ontological analysis of service modeling at ArchiMate’s Business layer. Such ontological analysis showed some limitations concerned to semantic ambiguity and lack of expressiveness for representing service offerings (and type thereof) and service agreements in SoEA. In order to address these limitations, three service modeling patterns (service offering type pattern, service offering pattern, and service agreement pattern) were proposed taking as basis UFO-S. The usefulness of these patterns for addressing these limitations was evidentiated by means of an empirical evaluation. Finally, we can say that, beyond offering a broad and well-founded theoretical foundation for service able to harmonize service perspectives, UFO-S presented benefits as a reference model in the analysis of SoEA structuring principles, and in the (re)design of service modeling languages.
An ontology network to support knowledge representation and semantic interoperability in the HCI domain
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-07-08) Costa, Simone Dornelas; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-9478; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-2089; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4196350041959411; Almeida, João Paulo Andrade; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-3781; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332944687727598; Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443; Pereira, Roberto; Souza, Vitor Estevão Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000318695704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762374760685577
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is a multidisciplinary knowledge area aimed at the practice of information technology centered on humans. Currently, increasingly interactive systems are required to be personalized, responsive, adaptive, user-friendly, and characterized by increasingly connected environments and intelligent applications. Being such a diverse area, HCI involves a diverse body of knowledge and a complex set of concepts. This leads to semantic interoperability problems, which affect users, designers, and interactive systems. Moreover, the design and evaluation of interactive systems are knowledge-intensive activities. In this context, knowledgerelated problems, such as the ones related to knowledge representation and sharing, cause the risk of losing relevant knowledge. Therefore, efficient mechanisms to promote common understanding and collective construction of knowledge are necessary. Ontologies have been successfully used in several domains to capture and organize knowledge seeking to deal with interoperability and knowledge-related problems. In this work, we argue that organizing HCI ontologies in an ontology network provides a comprehensive conceptualization of the HCI domain; favors knowledge growth, reuse, and integration; and potentializes the use of ontologies in knowledgebased and interoperability solutions. In this sense, this work proposes the Human-Computer Interaction Ontology Network (HCI-ON). HCI-ON is grounded on a foundational ontology, is aligned with HCI standards and literature, and addresses HCI relevant aspects. HCI-ON has a core ontology that addresses the human-computer interaction phenomenon and domain-specific ontologies covering HCI subdomains such as HCI design, evaluation, and user interface, among others. Aiming at knowledge growth in a consistent way, HCI-ON provides mechanisms to support its constant evolution throughout the addition of new or existing ontologies. In the HCI domain is possible to use HCI-ON as a whole or extracts of it to solve semantic interoperability and knowledge-related problems. To demonstrate the use of HCI-ON to support solving such problems, we used an HCI-ON extract to develop UXON, a system that supports UX evaluation based on interaction logging produced by an immersive application called Compomus. As a result, the use of HCI-ON was considered feasible and useful.
An Ontology-based Reference Model for the Software Systems Domain with a focus on Requirements Traceability
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-04-29) Duarte, Bruno Borlini; Souza, Vitor Estevao Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000318695704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762374760685577; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Leite, Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0355-0265; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6871006250321522; Almeida, Joao Paulo Andrade; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-3781; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332944687727598; Guerra, Eduardo Martins; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3413978291577451; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264
Software plays an essential role in modern society, as it has become indispensable in many aspects of our lives, such as social, business and even personal. Because of this importance, many researchers are dedicated to study the nature of software, how it is related to us and how it is able to change aspects in our society. It is accepted by the scientific community that software is a complex social artifact. This notion comes from the fact that a modern software system can be understood as the combination of interacting elements that exist inside a computer, such as programs and data, and in our world, such as sensors, other systems or even people, all of which are specifically organized to provide a set of functionalities or services and so, fulfill its purposes. A major concern in the development of modern complex software-based systems, is ensuring that the design of the system is capable of satisfying the current set of requirements. In this context, it is widely accepted in the scientific literature and in international standards that the requirements have an important role in the software process. Because of that, requirements need to be developed, refined, managed and traced to their origins, in a controlled engineering process, to control their changing nature and mitigate risks. In order to support these activities, we argue, based on the conceptual modeling scientific literature, that we can use ontologies to provide a better understanding of the software systems domain, reducing the inherent complexity and improving the requirements engineering process. In this work, we propose an ontology-based requirements traceability theory centered in different types of software systems requirements. Based on that, we developed the Reference Ontology of Software Systems (ROSS) and the Ontology of Software Defects Errors and Failures (OSDEF). ROSS and OSDEF are domain ontologies about the software systems that are intended to be used together and combined with other existing ontologies, as reference models for requirements traceability. Besides, we developed machine- readable operational ontologies, based on the reference versions of ROSS and OSDEF. The operational ontologies are created to support an ontology-based requirements traceability process that is based on the relationships that exist between the concepts in the ontologies.
EArly-OE: Atividades iniciais de engenharia de ontologias apoiadas em modelos de arquitetura organizacional
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-10-25) Detoni, Archimedes Alves; Almeida, Joao Paulo Andrade; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-3781; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332944687727598; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-8628; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4411878611669387; Carvalho, Victorio Albani de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-0987; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6035323365313300; Souza, Vitor Estevao Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000318695704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762374760685577; Amorim, Fernanda Araujo Baiao; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7932-7134; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264
Nowadays, public and private organizations are being encouraged to improve the computerized support to their activities. They intend to integrate their Information Systems (ISs) and to use heterogeneous data from different sources in order to produce relevant and reliable information mainly to support their decision activities. This challenge is intensified by the growing complexity of the organizational architectures, which: internally require the orchestration of the interaction between various administrative units, which must act integrated and collaboratively in distinct business processes that cross various functional areas; and externally need to operate seamlessly with other organizations. However, organizational ISs often do not support properly their business processes and are not able to interoperate with external systems. It occurs because those ISs, in many cases, were developed gradually and independently, each with its own scope, data structure, and terminology. Therefore, we can note gaps related to the lack of integration, information sharing and adoption of common semantics between organizational ISs. In such scenarios, the current literature has been indicating the use of ontologies as interlanguage in order to establish a consensual conceptualization to be adopted in a given domain. Thus, enabling interoperability between ISs and the integration of data dispersed over several sources and ISs. For an ontology to fit the purpose of being a conceptual model capable of adequately representing a domain, Ontology Engineering (OE) methods generally indicate the need to select and utilize knowledge resources available in the context of the domain to be modeled. The selected knowledge resources should facilitate the identification of relevant concepts and relationships that must be present in ontology, thereby aiding ontology engineers to understand the problem domain. Focusing on this need, the present work proposes the systematized use of Enterprise Architecture (EA) models as resources in OE knowledge acquisition activities, once they are artifacts that provide a broad view of the elements which compose organizational domains, in particular the actors, processes, ISs and their interrelationships. Besides, EA models have increasingly being used in organizational environments to diagnose and design interoperability solutions. The investigation of this possible synergy between the OE and EA disciplines was started in an exploratory research that addressed a real problem of semantic interoperability into public security domain, whereby EArly-OE approach was developed - Enterprise Architecture-driven Early Ontology Engineering). Early-OE prescribes guidelines for using EA models elements as knowledge resources to support initial OE activities in structured process-rich organizational domains, e.g. definition of intended uses, potential users and requirements of an ontology. After being developed in that exploratory research applied to the public security domain, the approach was evaluated in an empirical study addressing a different domain, that of federal public budget and finances, by a group of participants with varied degrees of experience in developing ontologies
From Continuous Software Engineering Reference Ontologies to the Integration of Data for Data-Driven Software Development
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-12-20) Santos Junior, Paulo Sergio dos; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-9418; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8400407353673370; Oliveira, José Maria Parente de; Souza, Gleison dos Santos; Souza, Vitor Estevao Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000318695704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762374760685577; Franca, Breno Bernard Nicolau de
Context: Software organizations face several challenges, such as the need for faster deliveries, frequent changes in requirements, lower tolerance to failures, and the need to adapt to contemporary business models. Agile practices have allowed organizations to shorten development cycles and increase customer collaboration. However, this has not been enough. Organizations should evolve to continuous and data-driven development in a continuous software engineering approach. Continuous Software Engineering (CSE) consists of a set of practices and tools that support a holistic view of software development with the purpose of making it faster, iterative, integrated, continuous, and aligned with the business. Software organizations often use different applications to support CSE (e.g., project management tools, source repositories, and quality assessment tools). These applications store useful data to enable a data-driven software development process. However, data items often remain spread in different applications, each adopting different data and behavioral models, posing a barrier to integrated data usage. As a consequence, data-driven software development is uncommon, missing valuable opportunities for product and process improvement as well as new business opportunities identification. Objective: Considering the need to enable data-driven software development in the CSE context, we aim to provide an ontology-based approach that can aid in: identifying the organization’s information needs, retrieving data from applications, and providing integrated data that meets the information needs. Method: By following the Design Science paradigm and organizing experimental studies as learning iterations, we developed the Immigrant approach, which contains three components: California (a System-Thinking-based process), Zeppelin (a CSE diagnostic instrument, which helps identify the organization information needs), and The Band (an ontology-based integration solution that semantically integrates data from applications and, thus, provides integrated data to support data-driven software development). The Band is based on Continuum, an ontology (sub)network developed in this work to address CSE aspects (particularly, agile development, continuous integration, and continuous deployment) and that is used as a reference model to build software artifacts in the integration architecture. Results: Studies performed in software organizations evaluated each component separately. Results demonstrate California and Zeppelin’s usefulness and show that the integrated solution (The Band) contributed to improving estimates, provided data that helped allocate teams, manage team productivity and project performance, and allowed to identify and fix problems in the software process execution. The complete proposal Immigrant was evaluated in a case study. As a result, it was possible to identify problems related to the allocation of tasks, role overload, and code quality. Conclusion: The results obtained so far suggest that Immigrant is a useful approach to enable data-driven software development in CSE.
Interoperabilidade semântica entre códigos fonte baseada em ontologia
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-11-24) Aguiar, Camila Zacché de; Souza, Vitor Estevão Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000318695704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762374760685577; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7945-6489; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1194248632540081; Garcia, Rogerio Eduardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1248-528X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8031012573259361; Amorim, Fernanda Araujo Baião; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7932-7134; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5068302552861597; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-9478; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264; Guizzardi, Giancarlo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-553X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5297252436860003
The source code is a well-formed sequence of computer instructions expressed in a programming language, composed of a set of symbols organized with their respective syntax and semantics. The different representations of source code in programming languages create a heterogeneous context, as does the use of multiple programming languages in a single source code. This scenario prevents the direct exchange of information between source codes of different programming languages, requiring specialized knowledge of their languages and diversity of tools and practices. In this sense, as a way to mitigate heterogeneity between programming languages, we apply semantic interoperability to ensure that shared information have their meanings understood and operationalized by code written in different source programming languages. To do this, we adopt ontologies to ensure uniform interpretations that share a consistent common commitment about the source code domain. In addition to acting as an interlanguage between different source codes, ontologies are widely accepted in the literature as tools to provide semantics and interoperability between entities with different natures. To apply ontologies to source code interoperability, this research presents a source code ontology network called SCON — Source Code Ontology Network and a method for source code interoperability based on ontology called OSCIN — Ontology-Based Source Code Interoperability. While SCON semantically represents common and consensual concepts about the domain of source code, regardless of the programming language, OSCIN aims to apply this representation for different purposes in a unified way. The method is based on the source code subdomain that will be represented, the programming language that it is capable of handling, and the application purpose that will be applied. In order to provide a set of solutions to support the application of the OSCIN method in different source code subdomains, programming languages and application purposes, this research presents the OSCINF framework — Ontology-based Source Code Interoperability Framework, which generates the artifacts expected by the OSCIN method and defines the SABiOS method — Systematic Approach for Building Ontologies with Scrum for the construction of well-founded ontologies. Finally, this research evaluates source code interoperability by applying the OSCIN method to detect smells, software metrics and code migration in source codes from different programming languages.
Ontology-based complexity management in conceptual modeling
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-09-16) Figueiredo, Guylerme Velasco de Souza; Guizzardi, Giancarlo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5297252436860003; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-3993; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7421277201683013; Almeida, João Paulo Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332944687727598; Campos, Maria Luiza Machado; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264; Fonseca, Claudenir Morais
Reference conceptual models are used to capture complex and critical domain information. However, as the complexity of a domain grows, so does the size and complexity of the model that represents it. Over the years, different complexity management techniques in large-scale conceptual models have been developed to extract value from models that, due to their size, are challenging to understand. These techniques, however, run into some limitations, such as the possibility of execution without human interaction, semantic cohesion of modules/views generated from the model, and generating an abstracted version of the model so that it can present the essential elements of the domain, among others. This thesis proposes two algorithms to facilitate the understanding of large-scale conceptual models by tackling the problem from two different angles. The first consists in extracting smaller self-contained modules from the original model. The second consists in abstracting the original model, thereby providing a summarized view of the main elements and how they relate to each other in the domain. Both algorithms we propose in this thesis require no input from modelers, are deterministic, and computationally inexpensive. To evaluate the abstraction algorithm for conceptual models, we carried out an empirical research aimed at a comparative analysis taking into account other competing approaches.
Transforming ontology-based conceptual models into relational schemas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-29) Guidoni, Gustavo Ludovico; Almeida, Joao Paulo Andrade; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-3781; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4332944687727598; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0932-4769; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6446725385317269; Souza, Vitor Estevao Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000318695704; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762374760685577; Campos, Maria Luiza Machado; Amorim, Fernanda Araujo Baião; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7932-7134; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5068302552861597; Barcellos, Monalessa Perini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8826584877205264
Despite the relevant contributions of ontology-based conceptual modeling and the widespread use of relational schemas, the combination of these two technologies has not yet received due attention. Among the conceptual modeling technologies, OntoUML stands out as a language to describe a domain of interest, having as its main niche the formulation and propagation of knowledge. Conceptual models produced with OntoUML can be seen as a “starting point” for other artifacts, such as relational schemas in a database realization. To produce a relational schema from the conceptual model in an automated way, it is necessary to bridge the gap between a series of constructs. The current literature provides some object-relational transformation approaches that could, in principle, be applied to ontology-driven conceptual models, such as those produced in OntoUML. However, there are important constructs that are not covered by such approaches that must be addressed. Most of the existing object-relational transformation approaches fail to support conceptual models that: (i) include overlapping or incomplete generalizations; (ii) support dynamic classication; (iii) have multiple inheritance; and (iv) have orthogonal hierarchies. This is because many of the approaches discussed in the literature assume primitives underlying object-oriented programming languages (instead of conceptual modeling languages). To solve this gap, this work aims to understand the forces that govern classical strategies for transforming class hierarchies into relational schemas, while raising some ontological meta-properties that characterize the classes in these models (like sortality and rigidity). The information obtained is used to guide the transformation of the conceptual model into a relational schema in order to avoid some problems in existing approaches, leading to the novel one table per kind strategy. In addition to automating relational schema generation, we also propose an automated ontology-based data access mapping for the resulting relational schema, in order to provide access data in terms of the original conceptual model, and hence queries can be written at a high level of abstraction (in SPARQL), independently of the transformation strategy selected. Further, we forward engineer additional constraints along with the transformed schema (ultimately implemented as triggers) to guarantee that the semantics of the source model is respected. The proposed approach is contrasted with dominant transformation approaches in the literature from the perspectives of: (i) the supported conceptual modeling primitives; (ii) size of the resulting schema; (iii) query answering performance; and (iv) usability of the resulting schema, for which an empirical study is reported.

Navegar

Navegando Doutorado em Ciência da Computação por Autor "Barcellos, Monalessa Perini"

Resultados por página

Opções de Ordenação