Doenças Infecciosas

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17577
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas

Centro: CCS
Telefone: (27) 3335 7504
URL do programa: http://doencasinfecciosas.ufes.br/pos-graduacao/PPGDI

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Navegando Doenças Infecciosas por Autor "Almeida, Sílvia Cristina de Paiva e"

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    Avaliação do perfil fenotípico e ativação in vitro de células TCD8+ reguladoras e de memória após infecção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-04-15) Pereira, Bruna Groner; Stringari, Lorenzzo Lyrio; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8710-3648; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8291250597662563; Almeida, Sílvia Cristina de Paiva e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2421944391886887; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0675-110X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3822046497362615; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-1321; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3478647335723600; Gomes, Daniel Claúdio de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0663-0981; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3965075540969796; Rezende, Lucas Cunha Dias de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-3135; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6353284950167322
    Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is considered the ninth leading cause of death in the world. Transmitted via aerosols, after inhalation, the bacilli lodge in the summits of the lungs and are readily recognized by alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells. In numerous cases, Mtb is able to evade the innate immune system, and the adaptive response is initiated with the generation of CD4+ and CD8+ effector cells responsible for the formation of granuloma. During TB, the presence of regulatory cells (Tregs) with immunosuppressive capacity, capable of altering the immunological dynamics, has been reported. In addition, the generation of memory cells during TB has been investigated, since already treated individuals are susceptible to a new infection. In this sense, the number of studies that aim to understand the role of regulatory cells in the control of Mtb infection and its implications is growing. For this purpose, this study proposed to evaluate the in vitro response of CD8+ cells to the virulent H37Rv strain in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, individuals sensitized (TST+) or not (TST-) to the tuberculin test. In response to infection, a higher frequency of activated TCD8+ was observed in nonsensitized individuals, as well as less proliferation of TCD8+ in patients with the disease. We observed an increase in regulatory TCD8+ in sensitized individuals with the disease. We reported a higher frequency of TCD8+ of effector memory in TST- individuals. Pulmonary tuberculosis patients had a lower frequency of central memory TCD8+ cells and a higher frequency of central memory TCD8+ cells with a regulatory phenotype. Sensitized individuals exhibited an increase in the frequency of naïve TCD8+ and FOXP3+ subpopulations. The results presented here point to the presence of TCD8+ Treg cells in sensitized and TBa individuals who contribute to the reduction of the proliferative capacity of TCD8+ effector cells and consequent deficit in the generation of memory cells
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    O vírus Zika na gestação: um estudo prospectivo em coorte de gestantes e seus conceptos
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-12-14) Souza, Camila Giuberti de; Dietze, Reynaldo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-8001; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1727805739693861; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5810-7981; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5181633444146172; Pereira, Fausto Edmundo Lima; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-8742; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4065537941002091; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/000000020675110X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3822046497362615; Ferreira, Marcelo Simão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4425673254987941; Almeida, Sílvia Cristina de Paiva e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2421944391886887
    Zika virus (ZIKV) is Flaviviridae family member virus, transmitted mainly by Aedes mosquitoes. In early 2015, the first cases of autochthonous transmission of Zika in Brazil were confirmed and the infection, during pregnancy, has been associated with a spectrum of congenital malformations, the most striking being microcephaly. Many aspects of ZIKV infection are not clear yet, so it is crucial to conduct studies that target aspects of mother-to-child transmission and the long-term monitoring of children prenatally exposed to ZIKV. Thus, the present study aimed to understand virological and immunological aspects of ZIKV infection during pregnancy and its impact on the first years of life of congenitally ZIKV exposed infants, through a cohort of 58 suspected cases of Zika infection during pregnancy, occurred in Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2015 and 2017. Our results show that after a ZIKV infection during second trimester of pregnancy, virus can still be detected in postpartum breast milk, however with no evidence of transmission to breastfed newborns. In addition, we demonstrate here that ZIKV infection during pregnancy does not impair the efficiency of maternal-fetal transference of antibodies – the specific for ZIKV and flavivirus, and those vaccine-elicited – which plays an important role for the neonate protection. Furthermore, we observed that children congenitally exposed to ZIKV, without microcephaly at birth, present higher prevalence of cerebral anomalies on head imaging at birth, which supports the performance of these exams, even when the child does not present microcephaly. However, non-microcephalic congenitally exposed ZIKV infants present normal cognitive development within the first 2.5 years of life. Finally, we contributed to the development of a viral antigen that has much potential to be used in simple diagnostic platforms and can overcome the cross reactions limitations of current serological tests.