Biodiversidade Tropical (extinto)
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical
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- ItemAvaliação da continuidade do rio São Mateus (São Mateus-ES) com base na comunidade fitoplanctônica e variáveis limnológicas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-07-18) Souza, Arieli Falchetto de; Felisberto, Sirlene Aparecida; Fernandes, Valéria de Oliveira; 1º membro da banca
- ItemComposição florística e estrutura de uma floresta de restinga na planície costeira do Rio Doce, Linhares, ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-03-24) Jesus, Lília Martins de; Giaretta, Augusto; Tobón, Glória Matallana; Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de; 1º membro da bancaThe restinga flora in different parts of the Espírito Santo coast has been well documented by various authors over the years. However, there are gaps on the equivalence between types of physiognomically similar vegetation such as forests of salt marshes, and its floristic relationships at different levels of coverage in the Atlantic Forest that would enable one phytogeographic analysis in search of more robust standards. Therefore, this study aimed to i) describe the floristic composition and structure of a restinga forest located next to the mouth of the Rio Doce, ii) check for Atlantic Forest of the Holy Spirit , Bahia and Minas Gerais and iii) identify the species preferences for each location IV) identify which are the geo-climatic factors that may be identified as preferences for establishing the species for the studied area. Individuals Were selected surveys of different faces the Atlantic Forest Domain Espírito Santo, Bahia and Minas Gerais which was a database used to reveal the floristic patterns of the areas compared and an array of environmental data to correlate the ordination of species due to conditions environment, in this case, the climate. They sampled 856 live trees, distributed in 189 species, 89 genus, 41 families and 26 (3%) dead trees, for a total of 0.5 hectares of sampling area. Myrtaceae (29) had the highest species richness, followed by Fabaceae (15) and Sapotaceae (14). The Shannon index (H) was 4.35 falls within the high standards of diversity found in Espírito Santo forests. The total density was 3,528 ind. / Ha and basal area of 36.58 m² / ha. Simaba subcymosa A.St.Hil. & Tul was the species with the highest VI. In this forest fragment of 286.52 ha were registered 15 taxa with some degree of threat, two species of rare and new species. The greatest similarity of this study was to forests of sandbanks and muçunungas the north of the Holy Spirit. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated the correlation of distribution of species due mainly by the altitude and the TWINSPAN indicated preferences of each species analyzed area. The floristic analysis showed the contribution of the trays in the floristic composition, hence the sandbank forest structure Train. The results of this study contributed to reaffirm the central status of diversity of the mouth of the Rio Doce region, in Linhares.
- ItemDiversidade de Campomanesia Ruiz e Pav.(Myrtaceae) no Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-02-21) Luber, Jaquelini; Ferreira, Marcia Flores da Silva; Carrijo, Tatiana Tavares; 1º membro da banca
- ItemEstruturação genética de Stenella coeruleoalba Meyen, 1833 no Oceano Atlântico(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-04-07) Freire, Mylla Carla Cescon; Rosa, Ana Paula Cazerta Farro da; 1º membro da bancaThe Stenella coeruleoalba is a small pelagic cetacean from the Delphininae family that is widely distributed and can be found in tropical and temperate waters of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, as well as in adjacent seas, such as the Mediterranean Sea. The present study aimed to analyze the cytochrome b (Cit-b) region and the control region (Dloop) of the mitochondrial DNA of individuals from the Northeast and South of Brazil (South Atlantic Ocean), as well as comparing them with Sequences of striped dolphins from the North Atlantic Ocean, and with that to evaluate the diversity indexes and the presence or absence of genetic structuring between the different localities. The S. coeruleoalba of Brazil presented a high genetic diversity for both mitochondrial markers analyzed (D-loop: h = 0.984, π = 0.294, Cit-b: h = 0.848, π = 0.249) Two populations (FST = 0.180, P = 0.045). A significant difference between the sample units of S. coeruleoalba of the North Atlantic and South Atlantic was verified from the two mitochondrial markers evaluated (D-loop: FST = 0.034 / P = 0.009; Cit-b: FST = 0.130 / P = 0.026). In addition, with the D-loop region, it was possible to evidence genetic structure between two groups of striped dolphins of the Mediterranean Sea (FST = 0.0913 / P = 0.000). It was not found structuring between the individuals of the western North Atlantic Ocean with the sample units of Brazil, even though these did not present haplotype sharing. This fact suggests that these units may have arisen from genetically close lineages and are still part of the same population. Until then, no population genetic study with the S. coeruleoalba species had been carried out in the South Atlantic Ocean. Understanding how the striped dolphins are structured is of paramount importance in order to understand the genetics of these individuals and thus to define adequate conservation strategies for each species.
- ItemFauna de abelhas nativas de duas áreas de restinga do Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-03-17) Receputi, Ana Luiza Morati; Faria, Luis Roberto Ribeiro; Tosta, Vander Calmon; 1º membro da bancaTwo studies were carried out in this dissertation: (i) the inventory of the native bee fauna (regarding species richness, diversity and composition) in forestal and herbaceous/shrubby restinga at the Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brasil, and (ii) the inventory of orchid-bee fauna (also comprising species richness, diversity and composition) in the same areas. Both studies aimed at answering two directly related questions: 1) Are the composition, richness and diversity of native bee and orchid-bee faunas in forest and herbaceous/shrubby restinga different? 2) Are these faunas more related, respectively, to forest formations or to open formations? Sampling was carried out monthly from November/2013 to August/2014, using traps to attract male orchid-bees and hand nets to collect bees in general on flowers. In both areas 2.448 individuals were sampled, belonging to 71 species. From these, 300 individuals belonging to 45 species were sampled in the forest resting, and 486 individuals belonging to 40 species were sampled in the herbaceous/shrubby resting, using hand nets. Regarding orchid-bees, 838 males belonging to 17 species were sampled in the forest resting, and 824 males belonging to 12 species were sampled in the herbaceous/shrubby restinga. Results suggest that in both cases, the species compositions of the two areas are different and richness and diversity were greater in forest restinga areas. As for the native bees fauna, considering species richness and composition, the faunas of the Parque Estadual de Itaúnas were more similar to open formation and/or modified areas and with severe characteristics. The orchid-bee faunas from both areas were characterized by the presence of species with high plasticity, related to their presence in locations with different vegetation structure, species that are apparently associated with open and/or edge environments and, in the forest restinga, the fauna was also characterized by the presence of species with greater association with forests and preserved environments. The original prediction that the restinga forest fauna would be more related to forest areas while that of the herbaceous/shrubby would be more related to those of open areas was not totally confirmed.
- ItemRiqueza e diversidade de pequenos mamíferos não voadores na Mata de Tabuleiro capixaba(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-12) Conde, Luciana Onécia Machado; Paresque, Roberta; 1º membro da bancaNon volant small mammals have showed different answers faced with the environmental modifications, either agriculture or agro-ecosystems. This situation can lead to disequilibrium between opportunistic species and the species that are sensitive to the environmental changes and may result in a replacement or overlapping species. Mostly,small mammals species have a dependency relationship with the forest, because they develop an important paper in these environments such as seeds and insects predators, seed dispersers and as base of the food chain to other vertebrates, reasons why, several species of this animals are considered good indicators of landscape and habitat changes when a forest continue to suffer area loss. The remaining fragments become isolated, and the number of species will change mainly because of the effects of areas reduction and distance of continuous forest between its forest fragments. Over time, the diversity tends to decrease, and eventually, can reach a new state of equilibrium, however will be less diverse. In State of Espírito Santo, the mastofauna is still poorly studied, especially as regards to their distribution. Facing the reduction of trays Forest in isolated fragments, the risk of defaunation and the absence of studies of small mammals in northern ES, this study had the objectives: (i) To check the composition of species of non volant small mammals in three Conservation Unities in the Northern of Espírito Santo, (ii) To examine the composition of these three Conservation Unities and, (iii) to evaluate whether the results vary depending on the category of conservation.